This is especially true if the sex included direct anal-oral contact, or oral contact with an object (e.g., fingers) that touched or was in the anus of an infected person. Having sex that involves anal contact may spread amoebic and bacillary dysentery. Fruits and vegetables can be contaminated if washed in polluted water or grown in soil fertilized by human waste. If people neglect to wash properly before preparing food, the food may become contaminated. The parasites can also enter through the mouth when hands are washed in contaminated water.
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People are at high risk of acquiring the parasite through food and water if the water for household use isn't separated from waste water. People can become infected after ingesting water or food contaminated with somebody’s excreted parasites. It is uncommon except in developing countries in the world's tropical zones, where it is very prevalent. In the vast majority of cases, amoebiasis causes no symptoms – only 10% of infected individuals become ill. The amoeba can exist for long periods of time in the large bowel (colon). Intestinal amoebiasis is caused by a protozoan parasite, Entamoeba histolytica. If one person has bacillary dysentery, others at their home, daycare, school, or nursing home are at risk of infection from close contact with the infected individual. Young children (ages 1 to 5) living in poverty are most likely to contract shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, or salmonellosis. If people live or travel in an area where poverty or overcrowding may interfere with good hygiene and sanitation, they are at risk of being exposed to invasive bacteria. Both infections are spread by ingestion of food or water contaminated with infected feces. They penetrate the lining of the intestine, causing swelling, ulcerations, and severe diarrhea containing blood and pus. The Shigella and Campylobacter bacteria that cause bacillary dysentery are found all over the world. Dysentery is rarely caused by chemical irritants or by intestinal worms. The frequency of each pathogen varies considerably in different regions of the world. coli, and Salmonella species of bacteria. These infections include Shigella, Campylobacter, E. Bacterial infections are by far the most common causes of dysentery. If your healthcare provider prescribes an antibiotic, take it exactly as directed and finish taking all the pills even if you feel better.Dysentery can have a number of causes. Ciprofloxacin and azithromycin are two recommended oral antibiotics.Antibiotics can shorten the time you have fever and diarrhea by about 2 days.These medications may make symptoms worse. People with bloody diarrhea should not use anti-diarrheal medication, such as loperamide (Imodium) or diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil).People with Shigella infection should drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.Tell your healthcare provider if you have other medical conditions or a weakened immune system, such as from HIV infection or chemotherapy treatment, because you may be more likely to become severely ill. TreatmentĬontact your healthcare provider if you or one of your family members have bloody diarrhea or severe stomach cramping or tenderness, especially if you also have fever or feel very sick.
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The test could be a culture that isolates the bacteria or a rapid diagnostic test that detects genetic material of the bacteria.
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Infection is diagnosed when a laboratory identifies Shigella in the stool (poop) of an ill person.